Pharmacology for Healthcare Professionals

Pharmacology for Healthcare Professionals

 

Homework is to be presented as a short (50-100-word) paragraph response for each question. The assignment is to be submitted as a Microsoft Word document electronically to the instructor.

1. Explain the process and purpose of the Five Rights.
2. What are the various methods of drug administration? Explain why one method may be chosen over another.
3. Assess the conditions under which a chest tube is placed and the maintenance and precautions needed.
4. What purpose do arterial venous lines serve and which vessels are they placed in.
5. Why is a pulmonary arterial line not an arterial line in the strictest sense of the word?
6. Organize a plan for your participation in a code.
7. What are the general requirements for a code cart setup?

APA format is not required, but solid academic writing is expected.

 

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Solution

 

Pharmacology for Healthcare Professionals

1. Explain the process and purpose of the Five Rights

The five rights help health care practitioners to reduce incidences and risks of medication errors. The five rights principles help healthcare practitioners to administer the right drug dose, utilize the right route and provide medication to the right patient at the right time (Wondmieneh et al., 2020). The first step of the five rights is the right drug. All individuals, including healthcare practitioners who administer medication to patients, are therefore required to double-check the label in the bottle of medication to ensure that they do not accidentally administer the wrong medication. On the other hand, double-checking the label can also help healthcare practitioners to administer the right doses to a patient. Administering medication to a patient at the right time is also important, which includes utilizing a medication log schedule or remaining aware of the dosing frequency and setting the alarm. On the other hand, utilizing the right route of medication is also important, while administering medication to the right person is also an important strategy in the administration of medication (Wondmieneh et al., 2020).

1. What are the various methods of drug administration? Explain why one method may be chosen over another

The routes of administration of medication include sublingual, oral, topical, rectal, and parenteral, which includes intramuscular intravenous and subcutaneous administration (Smeulers et al., 2015). The oral method of drug administration is one of the most economical and convenient methods, which makes it the most frequently used route of drug administration. However, in some instances or administration may not be preferred because of the Unpredictable nature of gastrointestinal drug absorption. On the other hand, the sublingual method of drug administration is preferred because the sublingual mucosa will provide a rich supply of blood vessels through which drugs can be absorbed.  On the other hand, the rectal route of drug administration has numerous disadvantages, including providing unpredictable drug absorption ways and having low acceptability among patients (Smeulers et al., 2015).

1. Assess the conditions under which a chest tube is placed and the maintenance and precautions needed

A chest tube is recommended among patients with different conditions, including lung infections, collapsed lungs, fluid buildup due to other medical conditions such as pneumonia and cancer, breathing difficulty due to buildup of air and fluid, and after surgery, including lung heart and esophagus surgery (Porcel, 2018). A chest tube, therefore, has to drain fluid, blood, and air from the pleural space. Various precautions have to be taken before the placing of a chest tube, including sterilization and shaving of the insertion area. An ultrasound may also be utilized to identify the best location to insert the chest tube. The administration of anesthesia is also important during the placement of a test tube, with local anesthesia being preferred (Porcel, 2018).

1. What purpose do arterial venous lines serve and which vessels are they placed in

Arterial venous lines are placed in arteries in the groin wrist or other locations. Arterial venous lines are therefore used to measure blood pressure more accurately than it would be possible with a blood pressure cuff or to draw blood samples for various tests (Gershengorn et al., 2016).

1. Why is a pulmonary arterial line not an arterial line in the strictest sense of the word?

The pulmonary arterial line is not an arterial line because it is inserted through large veins and subsequently moved up the heart chambers through the right ventricle and subsequently to the pulmonary artery (Gershengorn et al., 2016).

1. Organize a plan for your participation in a code

A plan for code participation involves highlighting the roles of different members of a code team. Each member of the code team will therefore have a specific role to play. The various members of a Code team, therefore, include code team leaders, event managers, first responders, recorder, bedside registered nurse, compressors,  respiratory, medication RN and vascular access, code cart RN, security, and runner (Bizzel, 2019).

1. What are the general requirements for a code cart setup?

The general requirements for a code card setup include being a more experienced nurse who has more familiarity with the contents of a crash cart (Bizzel, 2019)

References

Bizzel, L. (2019). Code Roles. Code Management. Retrieved November 11, 2021, from https://lsc-mcodemanagement.weebly.com/code-roles.html

Gershengorn, H. B., Garland, A., Kramer, A., Scales, D. C., Rubenfeld, G., & Wunsch, H. (2016). Variation of Arterial and Central Venous Catheter Use in United States Intensive Care Units. Anesthesiology, 120(3), 650–664. https://doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000000008

Porcel J. M. (2018). Chest Tube Drainage of the Pleural Space: A Concise Review for

Pulmonologists. Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases, 81(2), 106–115. https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2017.0107.

Smeulers, M., Verweij, L., Maaskant, J. M., de Boer, M., Krediet, C. T. P., Nieveen Van Dijkum, E. J. M., & Vermeulen, H. (2015). Quality Indicators for Safe Medication Preparation and Administration: A Systematic Review. PLOS ONE, 10(4), e0122695. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0122695

Wondmieneh, A., Alemu, W., Tadele, N., & Demis, A. (2020). Medication administration errors and contributing factors among nurses: a cross sectional study. BMC Nursing, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-020-0397-0