NRP/543: Management Of Pediatric And Adolescent
Wk 5 Discussion Populations Response 1 & 2 – Cardiovascular Disorders & Infectious Diseases
See each DQ question and instructions below.
Compare and contrast your responses with 1 classmate or respond to your faculty member. Your responses have the same requirements as the initial post, they must be substantive, at least 175 words (not counting the question or the reference, include a question to continue the discussion and be supported by a current reference.
Post 1 reply to each of the following discussion responses from classmates or your faculty member. Be constructive and professional.
• Each reply must be a minimum of 175 words each.
•You MUST include a question with every post response to receiving full credit.
• Each response must have at least 1 scholarly peer-reviewed reference or textbook listed
below under references.
• Must cite and list references in APA 7th edition format.
A substantive post should follow these criteria:
· At least 175 words per response
· Integrate theory, research, and/or professional experience
· Include specific examples and/or substantiating evidence
· Include in-text citations and references in 7th edition APA format
· Stay on topic and address the course objectives
· Demonstrate proper spelling, grammar, and scholarly tone
· You MUST include a question with every post response to receiving full credit.
Textbook for NRP/543:
Burns, C. E., Dunn, A. M., Brady, M. A., Barber Starr, N., Blosser, C. G., & Garzon, D. L. (2017). Pediatric primary care (6th ed.). Elsevier.
Wk 5 DQ Response 1. Please reply as instructed above.
Children diagnosed with chronic cardiac disorder will need lifelong interventions to keep themselves healthy. Their condition may require the use of antibiotics before having certain procedures or receiving vaccines to reduce health risks. What is important is providing information on all aspects of the treatment plan. Everyone who provides care for the patient needs to understand the plan and the reasons for each portion of the plan. Families need to understand the reason for and the benefits and risks associated with the plan.
Class: Many children may start to rebel against certain aspects of their treatment. How would you convince the child and family about the importance of continuing to follow the treatment plan?
Wk 5 DQ Response 2. Please reply as instructed above.
Class: What are pediatric cardiac conditions that can be managed by the FNP (family nurse practitioner)?
Common Pediatric Heart condition examples:
Heart disease is a very broad term for many things that can go wrong with the heart—in both adults and children. Narrow the focus to children, and the term still encompasses many different types of problems that range from a condition that has no symptoms and is never diagnosed, to a problem that is severe and potentially life-threatening that is apparent at birth.
If you are looking for information about a specific disease and would like to know more about its symptoms, how the disease develops over time, and how it is treated, the list below is a good place to start. Some of the most common conditions are listed as either congenital (present from birth) or acquired (developed after birth).
Congenital Heart Conditions
Acquired Heart Disease
Anomalous Coronary Arteries/Fistulas
Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return
Aortic Stenosis/Bicuspid Aortic Valve
Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
Atrioventricular Septal Defect (AVSD)
Coarctation of the Aorta/Interrupted Aortic Arch
D-Transposition of the Great Arteries
Ebstein’s Anomaly
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
L-Transposition of the Great Arteries
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
Pulmonary Atresia
Pulmonary Stenosis
Tetralogy of Fallot
Tricuspid Atresia
Truncus Arteriosus
Vascular Ring/Sling
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
Acquired Heart Disease in Pediatrics:
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Endocarditis
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Kawasaki Disease
Myocarditis
Pericarditis
Rheumatic Fever
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Solution
Chronic Pediatrics Cardiovascular Diseases
Many children may start to rebel against certain aspects of their treatment. How would you convince the child and family about the importance of continuing to follow the treatment plan?
More often than not, cardiovascular diseases require lifelong treatment since it is chronic. Failure to which their condition will worsen and can proceed to multi-system organ failure as the heart cannot meet the body requirements. As a health care provider, you need to educate the patient and parents/ care giver about their condition and avoid use of scientific terms. This is important to help them understand the disease process. Acute rheumatic fever is an autoimmune condition that often results from group A streptococcal infections.
Patients should also know about the complications related to failure or non-compliance of treatment. The most significant complication of rheumatic fever is rheumatic heart disease. More often than not, rheumatic heart disease progresses to heart failure if not managed appropriately due to narrowing of the heart valves. Prolonged untreated heart failure makes it impossible for the heart to pump effectively to meet the body requirements leading to further organ damage.
Give full information on the available treatment options, durations and what to expect whether positive or negative. Also the side effects of the treatment options should be provided. They are put on steroids or NSAIDs to reduce the inflammatory process that leads to further damage of the heart valves. If the child develops heart failure, diuretics such as furosemide and vasodilators such as hydralazine are the mainstay treatment to enable the heart to function efficiently (Wallace, 2021). Secondary preventive measures can also be taken up in patients with recurrent ARF. The principal antibiotic used is benzathine penicillin, and if the patient is allergic to penicillin, erythromycin or sulfadiazine is used to prevent further damage to the heart. For patients with severe valvular damage, surgical intervention is required to improve the condition of the patient.
Encourage patients to join support groups. According to different studies, people with chronic illnesses are often faced with psychological and emotional challenges. Joining a support group helps in providing emotional and psychological well-being which has a direct impact in improving compliance. Support groups offer a platform where patients are able to learn, interact with their kind therefore sharing experiences and providing encouragement to the members.
What are the pediatric conditions that can be managed by the FNP?
The management of the pediatric cardiac condition involves a multidisciplinary approach with a family nurse practitioner (FNP) being critical. Children with either a congenital or acquired heart disease are usually initially encountered by the FNP, who recognizes key signs and symptoms aiding in diagnosing the conditions. After the diagnosis, a family nurse practitioner often contributes significantly to the patients’ treatment, follow-up, and rehabilitation. In this discussion, the focus is mainly on how a family nurse practitioner manages congenital or acquired Paediatric heart conditions.
After the delivery, the FNP usually interacts with the new mothers while offering immediate comprehensive care to the neonates. During this role, the FNP recognizes signs like cyanosis, difficulty in breathing, difficulties in breastfeeding, and pitting edema, suggestive of congenital heart disease. Early recognition leads to timely diagnosis, and this improves the prognosis of patients with heart disease. In this regard, the FNP can provoke the need of doing an early echocardiogram in the babies helping in speedy detection of any congenital heart disease that the baby could have, for example, atrial septal defect (ASD). In addition, critical congenital heart diseases often need early, timely surgical management making the family nurse practitioner crucial in detection and even in post-operative care (Chamsi-Pasha & Chamsi-Pasha, 2016). Thus, in cases of congenital heart diseases, the FNP cannot be excluded in offering interdisciplinary management of the affected children in early recognition and early diagnosis. The same can apply to the acquired pediatric heart disease, with the FNP managing the cardiology clinics, offering the treatment, follow-up, and guiding the caregivers of the patients with heart diseases.
References
Chamsi-Pasha, M. A., & Chamsi-Pasha, H. (2016). Critical congenital heart disease screening. Avicenna Journal of Medicine, 06(03), 65–68. https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-0770.184062
Wallace, M. R. (2021, November 9). Rheumatic Fever Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Surgical Care, Consultations. Medscape.com; Medscape. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/236582-treatment