POSTPARTUM TEACHING PLAN GUIDELINES-(Use either breastfeeding or postpartum hemorrhage as an educational topic to teach mother/family about)

PURPOSE:

To provide the student with the opportunity to provide postpartum education to a mother/family about safe care of herself and her newborn in preparation for discharge.

GUIDELINES:

1. Select a mother/baby couplet who will be discharged home within the next 24 hours. (10pts)-

2. Complete a brief nursing history to substantiate the client’s need for educative/supportive intervention. Identify the client’s strengths and limitations in meeting the therapeutic self-care demand and documenting the nursing diagnosis. ( 20pts)

3. Develop a teaching plan which includes: (40pts)

a. Specific client/focused learning objectives; at least 5.

b. Topical outline of content material;

c. Planned teaching strategies and learning activities

d. Evaluation criteria.

4. The teaching plan must include learning activities for at least one of the following learning domains.

a) Cognitive

b) Psychomotor

c) Affective)

4. Implement the teaching plan. (10pts)

5. Evaluate the effectiveness of the teaching plan in achieving learning objectives using established evaluation criteria using teach-back. Include any reinforcement or new approaches needed. (20pts)

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Solution

Postpartum Teaching Plan

Mother/Baby Couplet

The couplet comprises a 25-year-old African American woman and her newborn daughter. The birth was normal delivery with no complications.

Nursing History

The patient is a primipara, a 25-year-old African American woman. She came to the maternity clinic and delivered her newborn girl naturally, without an epidural injection administered. The baby is healthy and the mother has no after-birth complications, apart from the stitches in the perineum. The mother’s caregiver includes her older sister and brother. She is single and separated from her partner, who is the baby’s father. She will need more help with the baby upon discharge. The following is the teaching plan designed for her discharge to ensure continued wellness for her and the baby.

Learning Objectives

• To help the mother learn how to observe proper nutrition
• To help mother engage in proper bowel care
• To teach mother how to perform perineal care
• To teach mother how to perform breast care
• To help the mother learn psychological adjustment after childbirth

Topical Outline

1. Observing proper nutrition

• Avoid weight-reduction diets until after the postpartum checkup. Most mothers take up to one year to return to their pre-partum weight.
• Observe a well-balanced diet that is high in protein, fiber, fluids, and calcium (Suplee & Janke, 2020).
• Communicate any allergies with the clinician to avoid affecting the baby.

1. Bowel care

• It is normal to have concerns about bowel movements after childbirth.
• Bowel function should return to normal in about 4 days after delivery.
• To avoid constipation that may lead to tearing the stitches, observe a diet high in fiber and fluids (McKinney et al., 2017).
• Consider adding prunes to the diet to reduce the chances of constipation.
• Consider walking to promote bowel movements and to increase circulation.
• Perineal care
• Patients should continue to use their peri-bottle to clean the perineum
• Rinse the perineum front to back with warm water until the bleeding ceases.
• Sitz-bath should be used as directed to dissolve the stitches (Suplee & Janke, 2020).
• If bleeding increases and blood darkens, the patient should consider resting more.
• If blood clots larger than the size of an egg appear, the patient should consult their healthcare provider for medical advice.

1. Breast care

• The patient should ensure that the baby is properly latched on the nipples to avoid cracked or sore nipples.
• Breasts may become engorged. To manage this, apply ice packs for 15 to 20 minutes while lying flat.
• Engorgement may be painful. The mother should consider OTC analgesics. The engorgement should resolve in two to three days (Suplee & Janke, 2020).
• The mother should check for lumps, sore or hot areas in the breast that do not go away after nursing. If this happens, the mother should consult their healthcare provider.

1. Psychological adjustment

• ‘Baby-blues’ are considered normal where the mother may experience feelings of sadness and anxiety. These feelings are temporary.
• Persistent feelings of worthlessness, hopelessness, low self-esteem, anxiety and depression are serious and indicate post-partum depression (McKinney et al., 2017).
• If the mother experiences PPD, she should consider consulting a therapist to explore the available psychotherapeutic interventions to help them manage their condition.

Planned Teaching Strategies and Evaluation Criteria

            For this patient, one of the effective teaching strategies is patient teach-back. The clinician will explain to the patient the aforementioned concepts in detail. The clinician may also provide the patient with brochures containing the same information. Asking the patient to explain what they have learned would be an effective evaluation criterion to assess the effectiveness of the patient education efforts (Miller, 2021).

Implementing Teaching Plan

The session will include a discussion on what to do if any complications with perineal, bowel, breast, psychological care, and nutrition arise. The clinician will provide the patient with a brochure with the education required for new mothers. The clinician will also use the teach-back method to assess the effectiveness of the education before discharging the patient.

Effectiveness of Teaching Plan in Achieving Learning Objectives

            Teach back is the most effective way to achieve learning outcomes. Additional approaches to reinforce the lessons include using posters, sending patients PowerPoint presentations, and introducing trained peer educators to the patient (Miller, 2021).

References

McKinney, E., James, S., & Murray, S. (2017). Maternal-Child Nursing. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Miller, W. (2021). Strategies for Clinical Teaching in the Health Professions. Taylor & Francis.

Suplee, P., & Janke, J. (2020). Association of Women’s Health, Obstetric & Neonatal Nurses. AWHONN, Association of Women’s Health, Obstetric and Neonatal N